It is made up of a number of elements which are interconnected to form the train. This method is extremely methodical, which is appropriate since use of intuition is quite futile with an epicyclic gear train such as the following example. A pgt has been represented by its functional schematic, structural and kinematic graph. A knowledge of the e ects of a gear train is important to the control systems designer. Two inputs are needed to obtain a predictable output. Thediscussed examples illustrate how the presented approach can be extendedfor computing the equivalent inertia. The gear b meshes with gear a and has its axis on the arm at o2, about which the gear b can rotate.
Epicyclic gearing requires a stepbystep process to make it work, and some of the steps are not necessarily intuitive. This type of dynamometer can be classified as follows. One of the most common uses of gear trains is in the gear boxes of cars. But in case of epicyclic gear trains, the axes of the shafts on which the gears are mounted may move relative to a fixed axis. As such, this article aims to provide assistance and guidelines for people designing epicyclic gear trains for the first timeand perhaps, if you will, ease their degree of suffering. In epicyclic gear train, different types of gear are used like spur gear, helical gear, bevel gear and many more. In this paper, graph theory is used for the study of epicyclic gear trains or planet gear trains e. Understand geometry of different gears and their dimensional pro perties. Design, modelling and analysis of a 3 stage epicyclic planetary reduction gear unit of a flight vehicle k akhila1 and m amarnath reddy2 corresponding author. A network theory for variable epicyclic gear trains. The determination of optimal design of the planetary gear train with a. The book is profusely illustrated and analyzes many applications. The inputand output shaftsare coaxial andthe inputand output 1 torques are assumedto be coaxialwith these shafts. A shop owner has approached your design company to make a mechanical toy based on a head turning.
This example shows an epicyclic gear drive with overall ratio of 256. Epicyclic gear trains have been broadly applied in engineering practice. The formulation is used to highlight several implications for gear train design. Specifically, this thesis will provide a simple solution technique for the general case of a twodegree of freedom 2dof planetary gear train along with new graphical design aids. Gear trains image from simon fraser university image from jtekt torsen na, inc. Each element consists of the three components illustrated below.
Design, load analysis and optimization of compound. Epicyclic gear train an epicyclic gear train,the axes of the shafts, over which the gears are mounted, may move. On completion of this short tutorial you should be able to do the following. Another class of gear train has wide application, the epicyclic or planetary train. An epicyclic gear train consists of two gears mounted so that the center of one gear revolves. Graphtheoretic modelling of epicyclic gear systems.
Epicyclic gearing or planetary gearing is a gear system consisting of one or more outer, or planet, gears or pinions, revolving about a central sun gear or sun wheel. Solid mechanics tutorial gear systems this work covers elements of the syllabus for the edexcel module 21722p hncd mechanical principles outcome 3. Design, load analysis and optimization of compound epicyclic gear trains syed ibrahim dilawer1, md. Reverted gear train pdf following are the different types of gear trains, depending upon the arrangement of wheels.
Trains magazine offers railroad news, railroad industry insight, commentary on todays freight railroads, passenger service amtrak, locomotive technology, railroad preservation and history, railfan opportunities tourist railroads, fan trips, and great railroad photography. Design, load analysis and optimization of compound epicyclic gear trains. Analysis of a gear train using finite element modelling. Typically, the planet gears are mounted on a movable arm or carrier which itself may rotate relative to the. Please start with the tutorial for shaft calculation to see how to introduce geometry and supports for single shafts. Whenever a change in the speed or torque of a rotating device is needed, a gear train or one of its cousins, the belt or chain drive mechanism, will usually be used. Pdf on aug 18, 2014, amar kumar and others published epicyclic gear train mechanism find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Theory of machines epicyclic gear trains bysheetal bansal air29ies2014. This chapter will explore the theory of gear tooth action and the design. A network theory for variable epicyclic gear trains technische. Advantages and velocity ratio of epicyclic gear train.
Planetary or epicyclic gear train epicyclic gear train. A reliabilitymodel is presentedfor planetarygear trains inwhich the ring gear isfixed, the sun gear isthe input,and the planet arm isthe output. Understand gear trains and how to calculate ratios. Another form of linear graph models, is used to model physical systems including mechanical systems, in which terminal representations model components. Pdf design, load analysis and optimization of compound. A twostage planetary gear stage is defined using the program. Experimental analyses of vibration and noise of faulted. Structure and analysis of planetary gear trains prof. Hey guys here i have solve this an example of epicyclic gear train in medical in a very simplified form so that you can understand it much better and can apply the same concept to. The power is transmitted from gear b to d through the intermediate gear c which revolves freely on a pin. Gear design objectives understand basic principles of gearing. The epicyclic gear train is useful for transmitting highvelocity ratio with a gear of moderate size and in less space.
Designing compound epicyclic gear trains for maximum speed at high. In the first three types of gear trains, the axes of the shafts over which the gears are mounted are fixed relative to each other. A gear train is framed by mounting gears so that gears engage. Gear trains theory of machines engineering reference. Epicyclic gear trains have been used in industry for their many advantages which includes high. A toothed wheel that engages another toothed mechanism in order to change the speed or direction of transmitted motion. Dynamic analysis of epicyclic gear trains by means of. Zoltan levai received 9 february 1968 abstract both compound and internal or external planet gears are considered as well as the paired planet gears.
In epicyclic gear trains, the axes of shafts on which the gears are mounted may move relative to a fixed axis. R is the angular speed of the arm, equal to the input angular speed. Ordinary gear trains gear trains consist of two or more gears for the purpose of transmitting motion from one axis to another. It will also address the use of epicyclic gear trains as a power coupling in a tandem bike. Epicyclic gearing or planetary gearing is a gear system consisting of one or more outer gears, or planet gears, revolving about a central, or sun gear. Types of gear trains asimple gear train bcompound gear. These gears are different in size and have different number of teeth, which is. Thus a gear train is a set or system of gears arranged to transfer rotational torque from. Following are the different types of gear trains, depending upon the arrangement of wheels. Gears trains are mostly used to transmit torque and angular velocity from one shaft to another shaft, whenever there is large speed reduction. The advantage of epicyclic gear train is that, it can get very high or very low velocity ratio compared to simple gear trains and compound gear trains. Gear train is any combination of gear wheels by which motion is transmitted from one shaft to another shaft. Design of machinery an introduction to the synthesis and. Ordinary gear trains have axes, relative to the frame, for all gears comprising the train.
Introduction to gear trainsintroduction to gear trains. Small electric motors are usually lowtorque and highspeed and a speedreducing gear train is necessary. Recognize different gearing systems and relative advantages and disadvantages between them. Epicyclic gear train apparatus manufacturer supplier india. Experimental analyses of vibration and noise of faulted planetary gearbox zhuang li mcneese state university, usa email. It is stated that the simple planetary gear train consisting. The method of the innovative synthesis of the epicyclic gear trains was presented. Some important features of gears ad gear trains are. Types of gear train simple, compound, reverted, epicyclic. In the simplest form, the crash gear box, a collection of spur gears were arranged to give different ratios of input to output speed and in the case of the reverse gear, change the direction of the output rotation. Genetic approach for multiobjective optimization of epicyclical gear. Gear train analysis it is very common to use a gear train following a fractionalhorsepower motor in servo positioning applications.
Typically, the planet gears are mounted on a movable arm or carrier, which itself may rotate relative to the sun gear. Epicyclic gear train problems and solutions pdf best of all, they are entirely free to find, use and download, so there is no cost or stress at all. Epicyclic gear train free download as powerpoint presentation. A gear train is a combination of gears used to transmit motion from one shaft to another. Plane t a r y gear tra i n s consis t o f the follo w i n g. Technique for examing epicyclic gear box krish gupta, ajay sharma amity university, aset, noida, india abstract this paper presents a method for analyzing epicyclic gearboxes by evaluating the speeds, torques and efficiency of the external elements in epicyclic gear mechanisms, as well as the total ratios of. Gear trains are widely used in all kinds of mechanisms and machines, from can openers to aircraft carriers. Image from blog of haja sherief image from hpi racing image from proquest image from sandia national labs image from piaget image from fortune, apr. The advantages of the proposed gear trains are as follows. Publishers pdf, also known as version of record includes final page, issue and. Not only the epicyclic gear trains in common uses were obtained, but some new types of epicyclic gear trains. In his masters thesis for virginia polytechnic institute and state university, entitled epicyclic gear train solution techniques with application to tandem bicycling1, christopher corey has.
Gear trains are used in most types of machinery and vehicles for power transmission. The reciprocal of the speed ratio or velocity is known as train value. The owner would like your company to manufacture a shop display that is eye catching for passersby. These drives receive an unusually clear treatment because at dr. The paper illustrates the application of a systematic technique for thededuction of dynamic equations of epicyclic gear trains. Calculation of a planetary gear train this tutorial shows the usage of mesys shaft calculation with shaft systems. Gear teeth are designed to guarantee the pitch circles of connecting gears move on one another without slipping, this gives a smooth transmission of revolution from one gear to the next. We use the method introduced in epicyclic ratio calculation for determining the final gear ratio of an epicyclic gear train. Kulkarni2 department of mechanical engineering, walchand institute of technology, ashok chowk. The use of theproposed method is particularly amenable in conjuction with proceduresfor the computerized enumeration of geared kinematic chains.
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